because و so و but و although
because, so, but, although
القاعدة
تفيد because السبب وso النتيجة — الحقيقتان نفساهما بترتيب معكوس. وتفيد but وalthough التضاد، وتصلح although لبدء الجملة. أما because of فيتبعها اسم لا جملة.
result because reason · reason, so result · …, but … · Although …, … · because of + noun
أمثلة
I was late because the train was cancelled.
تأخرت لأن القطار أُلغي.
The train was cancelled, so I was late.
أُلغي القطار، لذلك تأخرت.
Although it rained, we enjoyed the day.
رغم أنها أمطرت، استمتعنا باليوم.
We were late because of the traffic.
تأخرنا بسبب حركة المرور.
أخطاء شائعة
-
خطأ: We were late because the traffic.
صحيح: We were late because of the traffic.
تحتاج because جملة كاملة، وbecause of يتبعها اسم.
-
خطأ: Although it rained, but we enjoyed it.
صحيح: Although it rained, we enjoyed it.
لا تجمع بين although وbut في الجملة نفسها.
تمارين محلولة
حاول أن تجيب بنفسك أولًا، ثم افتح «اعرض الإجابة» لترى الحل وسببه.
-
١أكمل الفراغ.
I stayed at home _____ I felt ill.
- because of
- so
- although
- because
اعرض الإجابة
الإجابة: د I stayed at home because I felt ill.
السبب يأخذ because.
-
٢أكمل الفراغ.
The shop was closed, _____ we went to the market.
- so
- although
- because
- because of
اعرض الإجابة
الإجابة: أ The shop was closed, so we went to the market.
النتيجة تأخذ so.
-
٣أكمل الفراغ.
_____ the flat is small, it is very light.
- But
- Although
- Because
- So
اعرض الإجابة
الإجابة: ب Although the flat is small, it is very light.
التضاد في البداية يأخذ Although.
-
٤أكمل الفراغ.
The class was cancelled _____ the snow.
- because of
- so
- although
- because
اعرض الإجابة
الإجابة: أ The class was cancelled because of the snow.
يتبع because of اسم.
-
٥أكمل الفراغ.
It was expensive, _____ it was worth it.
- although
- but
- so
- because
اعرض الإجابة
الإجابة: ب It was expensive, but it was worth it.
التضاد في الوسط يأخذ but.
-
٦اختر الجملة الصحيحة.
- I could not come although I was working.
- I could not come because of I was working.
- I could not come so I was working.
- I could not come because I was working.
اعرض الإجابة
الإجابة: د I could not come because I was working.
يتبع because جملة كاملة.
-
٧اختر الجملة الصحيحة.
- Although he was tired, he finished the job.
- Although he was tired, so he finished the job.
- He was tired, although he finished the job because.
- Although he was tired, but he finished the job.
اعرض الإجابة
الإجابة: أ Although he was tired, he finished the job.
تكفي although وحدها للتضاد.
-
٨هذه الجملة خاطئة. اختر التصحيح.
أي جملة خاطئة؟
- We stayed in because of the rain.
- We stayed in because it was raining.
- We stayed in because of it was raining.
- It was raining, so we stayed in.
اعرض الإجابة
الإجابة: ج We stayed in because of it was raining.
لا يتبع because of جملة.
-
٩هذه الجملة خاطئة. اختر التصحيح.
أي جملة خاطئة؟
- It was cheap because it was old.
- It was cheap, so we bought two.
- It was cheap, and it was good.
- It was cheap, because it was good.
اعرض الإجابة
الإجابة: د It was cheap, because it was good.
يجب أن تعطي because سببًا حقيقيًا.
-
١٠رتّب الكلمات لتكوين جملة صحيحة.
I took a taxi because I was late
اعرض الإجابة
الإجابة: I took a taxi because I was late.
النتيجة ثم because ثم السبب.
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