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Engelse grammatica

He said that he was tired

B1 · Middenniveau De zin bouwen Vragen 10

De regel

Als u weergeeft wat iemand zei, houdt de zin op hun woorden te zijn en wordt hij de uwe, dus alles wat naar hún moment wees, wijst nu naar het uwe. Het werkwoord gaat één tijd terug — tegenwoordig wordt verleden, verleden wordt voltooid verleden, will wordt would, can wordt could. Voornaamwoorden veranderen mee: I am tired → he said he was tired. Ook tijd- en plaatswoorden schuiven op: today → that day, tomorrow → the next day, here → there. say heeft geen persoon nodig, tell altijd wel: he said that … maar he told me that ….

Patroon

said (that) + one tense back · told + person + (that) · today → that day

Voorbeelden

  1. He said that he was tired.

    Hij zei dat hij moe was.

  2. She told me she had already paid.

    Zij vertelde me dat ze al betaald had.

  3. They said they would call the next day.

    Zij zeiden dat ze de volgende dag zouden bellen.

  4. The doctor said I could go home.

    De dokter zei dat ik naar huis mocht.

Veelgemaakte fouten

  • Fout: He said me that he was late.

    Goed: He told me that he was late.

    say krijgt geen persoon; tell heeft er een nodig.

  • Fout: She said she is tired.

    Goed: She said she was tired.

    Het weergegeven werkwoord gaat één tijd terug.

  • Fout: He said he will come tomorrow.

    Goed: He said he would come the next day.

    will wordt would, en tomorrow schuift mee.

Oefenvragen

Probeer elke vraag eerst zelf en open dan „Toon antwoord” voor de oplossing en de reden.

  1. 1Kies de juiste zin.

    1. She told she was living with her sister.
    2. She said me she was living with her sister.
    3. She said she is living with her sister.
    4. She said she was living with her sister.
    Toon antwoord

    Antwoord: D She said she was living with her sister.

    De present continuous gaat terug naar de past continuous.

  2. 2Kies de juiste zin.

    1. He told to us he had lost the keys.
    2. He said us he had lost the keys.
    3. He told us he had lost the keys.
    4. He told us he has lost the keys.
    Toon antwoord

    Antwoord: C He told us he had lost the keys.

    tell + persoon, en de present perfect gaat terug.

  3. 3Kies de juiste zin.

    1. They said me they would let me know.
    2. They said they will let me know.
    3. They said they would let me know.
    4. They told they would let me know.
    Toon antwoord

    Antwoord: C They said they would let me know.

    will wordt would in de indirecte rede.

  4. 4Kies de juiste zin.

    1. She told she could not come that evening.
    2. She said she could not come this evening yesterday.
    3. She said she could not come that evening.
    4. She said she cannot come that evening.
    Toon antwoord

    Antwoord: C She said she could not come that evening.

    can wordt could, en this wordt that.

  5. 5Vul het gat in.

    He _____ me that the shop was closed.

    1. says
    2. said
    3. told
    4. said to
    Toon antwoord

    Antwoord: C He told me that the shop was closed.

    Met een persoon erachter is het werkwoord told.

  6. 6Vul het gat in.

    She said she _____ finished the report.

    1. have
    2. has
    3. was
    4. had
    Toon antwoord

    Antwoord: D She said she had finished the report.

    De present perfect gaat terug naar de past perfect.

  7. 7Vul het gat in.

    He said he would ring me the _____ day.

    1. next
    2. today
    3. this
    4. tomorrow
    Toon antwoord

    Antwoord: A He said he would ring me the next day.

    tomorrow wordt later weergegeven als the next day.

  8. 8Vul het gat in.

    The nurse said I _____ eat before the test.

    1. am not must
    2. must not
    3. do not must
    4. have not to
    Toon antwoord

    Antwoord: B The nurse said I must not eat before the test.

    must not blijft in de indirecte rede zoals het is.

  9. 9Zet de woorden in de juiste volgorde.

    She told me she was moving to Utrecht

    Toon antwoord

    Antwoord: She told me she was moving to Utrecht.

    tell + persoon, dan de weergegeven bijzin.

  10. 10Zet de woorden in de juiste volgorde.

    He said that he had never been there

    Toon antwoord

    Antwoord: He said that he had never been there.

    De present perfect van zijn woorden wordt de past perfect.

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