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قواعد اللغة الإنجليزية

so وtherefore وas a result

so, therefore, as a result

B1 · متوسط ربط الجمل الأسئلة ١٠

القاعدة

أعطاك A2 ‏so للنتيجة وbecause للسبب. ويضيف B1 صيغ الكتابة وعبارات السبب التي تأخذ اسمًا. فـ therefore وas a result تؤديان عمل so في الكتابة الرسمية، وتربطان مثل however جملتين مستقلتين: ‏The line was closed. Therefore, we took a taxi. وbecause of وdue to تأخذان اسمًا حيث تأخذ because جملة: ‏because it snowed مقابل because of the snow. أما that is why فتشير إلى النتيجة وهي الخيار الطبيعي في الكلام.

النمط

. Therefore, … · . As a result, … · because + clause / because of + noun

أمثلة

  1. The line was closed. Therefore, we took a taxi.

    كان الخط مغلقًا، لذلك أخذنا سيارة أجرة.

  2. We missed the deadline. As a result, the order was cancelled.

    فاتنا الموعد النهائي، ونتيجة لذلك أُلغي الطلب.

  3. The match was called off because of the snow.

    أُلغيت المباراة بسبب الثلج.

  4. My train was cancelled. That is why I am late.

    أُلغي قطاري، ولهذا تأخرت.

أخطاء شائعة

  • خطأ: Because of it snowed, the match was cancelled.

    صحيح: Because it snowed, the match was cancelled.

    because of تأخذ اسمًا، والجملة تحتاج because وحدها.

  • خطأ: It was raining, therefore we stayed in.

    صحيح: It was raining. Therefore, we stayed in.

    therefore تربط جملتين لا جزأين بفاصلة.

  • خطأ: The road was icy, as a result of we drove slowly.

    صحيح: The road was icy. As a result, we drove slowly.

    as a result تقف وحدها، وas a result of تحتاج اسمًا.

تمارين محلولة

حاول أن تجيب بنفسك أولًا، ثم افتح «اعرض الإجابة» لترى الحل وسببه.

  1. ١اختر الجملة الصحيحة.

    1. The shop closed early. Therefore I could not buy it.
    2. The shop closed early therefore, I could not buy it.
    3. The shop closed early. Therefore, I could not buy it.
    4. The shop closed early, therefore I could not buy it.
    اعرض الإجابة

    الإجابة: ج The shop closed early. Therefore, I could not buy it.

    نقطة قبلها وفاصلة بعدها.

  2. ٢اختر الجملة الصحيحة.

    1. The flight was delayed because the fog.
    2. The flight was delayed due the fog.
    3. The flight was delayed because of it was foggy.
    4. The flight was delayed because of the fog.
    اعرض الإجابة

    الإجابة: د The flight was delayed because of the fog.

    because of + اسم.

  3. ٣اختر الجملة الصحيحة.

    1. Prices rose. As result, fewer people bought tickets.
    2. Prices rose. As a result, fewer people bought tickets.
    3. Prices rose as a result of fewer people bought tickets.
    4. Prices rose, as a result fewer people bought tickets.
    اعرض الإجابة

    الإجابة: ب Prices rose. As a result, fewer people bought tickets.

    As a result تفتح جملة جديدة وتأخذ فاصلة.

  4. ٤اختر الجملة الصحيحة.

    1. I forgot my card so that I could not pay.
    2. I forgot my card, so I could not pay.
    3. I forgot my card, therefore I could not pay.
    4. I forgot my card, because of I could not pay.
    اعرض الإجابة

    الإجابة: ب I forgot my card, so I could not pay.

    so هي التي تربط جزأين بفاصلة.

  5. ٥أكمل الفراغ.

    The office was closed _____ a power cut.

    1. therefore
    2. because
    3. so that
    4. because of
    اعرض الإجابة

    الإجابة: د The office was closed because of a power cut.

    تتبعها عبارة اسمية، فـ because of.

  6. ٦أكمل الفراغ.

    The results were poor. _____, the manager resigned.

    1. Because of
    2. As a result
    3. So that
    4. Because
    اعرض الإجابة

    الإجابة: ب The results were poor. As a result, the manager resigned.

    بين جملتين نستخدم As a result مع فاصلة.

  7. ٧أكمل الفراغ.

    She has two young children. _____ she works part time.

    1. Because of
    2. Because
    3. That is why
    4. Despite
    اعرض الإجابة

    الإجابة: ج She has two young children. That is why she works part time.

    That is why تشير إلى النتيجة.

  8. ٨أكمل الفراغ.

    The event was cancelled _____ to the weather.

    1. because
    2. due
    3. so
    4. therefore
    اعرض الإجابة

    الإجابة: ب The event was cancelled due to the weather.

    due to + اسم.

  9. ٩رتّب الكلمات لتكوين جملة صحيحة.

    The bridge was closed because of the flood

    اعرض الإجابة

    الإجابة: The bridge was closed because of the flood.

    because of + اسم بعد الجملة الرئيسية.

  10. ١٠رتّب الكلمات لتكوين جملة صحيحة.

    We had no internet so I worked from the library

    اعرض الإجابة

    الإجابة: We had no internet so I worked from the library.

    so تربط السبب بما فعلته حياله.

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