النشاط أم النتيجة: have been doing مقابل have done

أمثلة

1. I have written three of the four sections.

   كتبت ثلاثة من الأقسام الأربعة.

2. I have been writing all morning and I am not finished.

   ظللت أكتب طوال الصباح ولم أنتهِ بعد.

3. She has known about it since March.

   تعرف بالأمر منذ آذار.

4. They have been arguing about the fence for two years.

   ظلا يتجادلان بشأن السياج منذ عامين.

أخطاء شائعة

• ✗خطأ: I have been reading that book three times.

  ✓صحيح: I have read that book three times.

  عدد المرات المنجزة يأخذ الصيغة البسيطة لا المستمرة.

• ✗خطأ: How long have you read that book?

  ✓صحيح: How long have you been reading that book?

  How long مع نشاط مستمر تأخذ الصيغة المستمرة.

• ✗خطأ: I have been knowing her since school.

  ✓صحيح: I have known her since school.

  know فعل حالة ولا صيغة مستمرة له.

تمارين محلولة

حاول أن تجيب بنفسك أولًا، ثم افتح «اعرض الإجابة» لترى الحل وسببه.

1. ١اختر الجملة الصحيحة.

   1. أI have been cleaned all day.
   2. بI clean all day, so the house looks better.
   3. جI have cleaned all day, so the house looks better.
   4. دI have been cleaning all day, so the house looks better.
   اعرض الإجابة

   الإجابة: د I have been cleaning all day, so the house looks better.

   all day تصف النشاط فتأخذ المستمر.

2. ٢اختر الجملة الصحيحة.

   1. أShe has been sent four emails this morning.
   2. بShe has sent four emails this morning.
   3. جShe sends four emails this morning.
   4. دShe has been sending four emails this morning.
   اعرض الإجابة

   الإجابة: ب She has sent four emails this morning.

   النتيجة القابلة للعدّ تأخذ الصيغة البسيطة.

3. ٣اختر الجملة الصحيحة.

   1. أThey have been lived here since 2018.
   2. بThey have been living here since 2018.
   3. جThey are living here since 2018.
   4. دThey have lived here since 2018 and left.
   اعرض الإجابة

   الإجابة: ب They have been living here since 2018.

   المدة الممتدة إلى الآن تأخذ المستمر مع since.

4. ٤أكمل الفراغ.

   You look exhausted. What _____ ?

   1. أdo you do
   2. بare you done
   3. جhave you been doing
   4. دhave you done
   اعرض الإجابة

   الإجابة: ج You look exhausted. What have you been doing ?

   الحالة الظاهرة تشير إلى النشاط الأخير.

5. ٥أكمل الفراغ.

   How many times have you _____ to complain?

   1. أring
   2. بrung
   3. جringing
   4. دbeen ringing
   اعرض الإجابة

   الإجابة: ب How many times have you rung to complain?

   How many times تعدّ الأفعال المنجزة.

6. ٦أكمل الفراغ.

   It _____ since Tuesday and the path is under water.

   1. أhas rained once
   2. بrains
   3. جis raining since
   4. دhas been raining
   اعرض الإجابة

   الإجابة: د It has been raining since Tuesday and the path is under water.

   نشاط مستمر منذ نقطة زمنية.

7. ٧أكمل الفراغ.

   I _____ that name somewhere before, but I cannot place it.

   1. أam hearing
   2. بhear
   3. جhave been hearing
   4. دhave heard
   اعرض الإجابة

   الإجابة: د I have heard that name somewhere before, but I cannot place it.

   التجربة المنجزة الواحدة تأخذ البسيطة.

8. ٨أكمل الفراغ.

   She _____ a doctor for eleven years now.

   1. أis being
   2. بhas been being
   3. جhas been having
   4. دhas been
   اعرض الإجابة

   الإجابة: د She has been a doctor for eleven years now.

   be فعل حالة، والصيغة البسيطة تحمل المدة.

9. ٩هذه الجملة خاطئة. اختر التصحيح.

   أي جملة خاطئة؟

   1. أI finished the report yesterday.
   2. بI have been working on the report.
   3. جI have finished the report.
   4. دI have been finishing the report.
   اعرض الإجابة

   الإجابة: د I have been finishing the report.

   finish تدل على نقطة اكتمال فلا تناسبها الصيغة المستمرة.

10. ١٠هذه الجملة خاطئة. اختر التصحيح.

    أي جملة خاطئة؟

    1. أHow long have you known him?
    2. بHow long have you known him for three years?
    3. جHow long have you been waiting?
    4. دI have known him for three years.
    اعرض الإجابة

    الإجابة: ب How long have you known him for three years?

    لا يجتمع how long مع for three years في سؤال واحد.