الشرط للتأدب والإصرار والاحتمال البعيد

أمثلة

1. If the factory were to close, the whole town would suffer.

   لو أُغلق المصنع لعانت البلدة كلها.

2. Should you have any questions, please do not hesitate to call.

   إن كانت لديك أي أسئلة، فلا تتردد في الاتصال.

3. If it hadn’t been for my sister, I would never have finished the course.

   لولا أختي لما أنهيت الدورة أبدًا.

4. If you would take a seat, the doctor will be with you shortly.

   تفضل بالجلوس، وسيكون الطبيب معك قريبًا.

أخطاء شائعة

• ✗خطأ: If you will need help, call me.

  ✓صحيح: If you need help, call me.

  المستقبل العادي بعد if يأخذ المضارع لا will.

• ✗خطأ: Were the company close, jobs would go.

  ✓صحيح: Were the company to close, jobs would go.

  were المقلوبة تحتاج to مع المصدر إن لم يكن الفعل be.

• ✗خطأ: If it wasn’t for the rain yesterday, we would have won.

  ✓صحيح: If it hadn’t been for the rain yesterday, we would have won.

  السبب في الماضي يحتاج if it hadn’t been for.

تمارين محلولة

حاول أن تجيب بنفسك أولًا، ثم افتح «اعرض الإجابة» لترى الحل وسببه.

1. ١اختر الجملة الصحيحة.

   أي جملة هي الأكثر تحفظًا؟

   Talking about a possible rise in rent.

   1. أIf the rent were to go up again, we would have to move.
   2. بIf the rent goes up, we move.
   3. جWhen the rent goes up, we will move.
   4. دThe rent is going up, so we are moving.
   اعرض الإجابة

   الإجابة: أ If the rent were to go up again, we would have to move.

   were to تجعل الاحتمال يبدو بعيدًا ومتحفظًا.

2. ٢حوّل الجملة.

   احذف if واقلب الترتيب.

   If you should need a receipt, ask at the desk.

   1. أShould you need a receipt, ask at the desk.
   2. بNeed you should a receipt, ask at the desk.
   3. جShould you to need a receipt, ask at the desk.
   4. دYou should need a receipt, ask at the desk.
   اعرض الإجابة

   الإجابة: أ Should you need a receipt, ask at the desk.

   القلب مع should: Should مع الفاعل والمصدر.

3. ٣اختر الجملة الصحيحة.

   1. أBut for your help, I would have given up.
   2. بBut your help, I would have given up.
   3. جBut for you helped, I would have given up.
   4. دBut for your help, I will give up.
   اعرض الإجابة

   الإجابة: أ But for your help, I would have given up.

   but for مع اسم = لولا.

4. ٤أكمل الفراغ.

   If it _____ for the bridge, the village would be completely cut off.

   1. أisn’t
   2. بhadn’t
   3. جweren’t
   4. دwon’t be
   اعرض الإجابة

   الإجابة: ج If it weren’t for the bridge, the village would be completely cut off.

   عامل حاسم في الحاضر: if it weren’t for.

5. ٥اختر الجملة الصحيحة.

   ماذا يقصد المتحدث؟

   If you’ll just wait here, I’ll fetch the manager.

   1. أI will fetch the manager in the future if you ever wait.
   2. بI refuse to fetch the manager.
   3. جPlease wait here while I get the manager.
   4. دYou waited, so I fetched the manager.
   اعرض الإجابة

   الإجابة: ج Please wait here while I get the manager.

   if you’ll = إن تكرّمت: طلب مهذب لا مستقبل.

6. ٦هذه الجملة خاطئة. اختر التصحيح.

   I would be grateful if you will send the form back.

   1. أI would be grateful if you sent back the form will.
   2. بI would be grateful if you have send the form back.
   3. جI will be grateful if you would sent the form back.
   4. دI would be grateful if you would send the form back.
   اعرض الإجابة

   الإجابة: د I would be grateful if you would send the form back.

   الصيغة المهذبة هي I would be grateful if you would….

7. ٧اختر الجملة الصحيحة.

   1. أShe were to accept the offer, she would move to Oslo.
   2. بWere she accept the offer, she would move to Oslo.
   3. جWas she to accepted the offer, she would move to Oslo.
   4. دWere she to accept the offer, she would move to Oslo.
   اعرض الإجابة

   الإجابة: د Were she to accept the offer, she would move to Oslo.

   شرط بعيد مقلوب: Were مع الفاعل وto والمصدر.

8. ٨حوّل الجملة.

   قل ما الذي كان سيختلف من دونه.

   The satnav saved us; otherwise we would have been lost.

   1. أWithout the satnav had, we would have been lost.
   2. بIf there hadn’t the satnav, we would have been lost.
   3. جIf it hadn’t been for the satnav, we would have been lost.
   4. دIf it wasn’t the satnav, we would be lost.
   اعرض الإجابة

   الإجابة: ج If it hadn’t been for the satnav, we would have been lost.

   عامل حاسم في الماضي: if it hadn’t been for.

9. ٩أكمل الفراغ.

   أنت تكتب السطر الأخير من بريد إلكتروني رسمي.

   _____ you require any further information, please let me know.

   1. أWere
   2. بHad
   3. جShould
   4. دWould
   اعرض الإجابة

   الإجابة: ج Should you require any further information, please let me know.

   الختام الرسمي: Should you require….

10. ١٠رتّب الكلمات لتكوين جملة صحيحة.

    If you happen to see Mark tell him to call me

    اعرض الإجابة

    الإجابة: If you happen to see Mark tell him to call me.

    happen to تضيف أن ذلك سيكون صدفة.