ما لم يكن ضروريًّا، وما كان مقررًا ولم يحدث

أمثلة

1. You needn’t have booked a taxi; I could have picked you up.

   لم يكن هناك داعٍ لحجز سيارة أجرة، كان بإمكاني أن أقلّك.

2. We didn’t need to queue because we had bought tickets online.

   لم نحتج إلى الانتظار في الطابور لأننا اشترينا التذاكر عبر الإنترنت.

3. The builders were supposed to finish last week.

   كان من المفترض أن ينهي البنّاؤون العمل الأسبوع الماضي.

4. I was going to call you, but I fell asleep.

   كنت سأتصل بك، لكنني غفوت.

أخطاء شائعة

• ✗خطأ: You needn’t to have worried.

  ✓صحيح: You needn’t have worried.

  needn’t have مع التصريف الثالث دون to.

• ✗خطأ: The train was supposed arrive at ten.

  ✓صحيح: The train was supposed to arrive at ten.

  be supposed to مع المصدر.

• ✗خطأ: I didn’t need to bring my passport, but I brought it anyway, so I didn’t need to have.

  ✓صحيح: I needn’t have brought my passport.

  إذا فعلته وتبيّن أنه غير لازم فاستخدم needn’t have.

تمارين محلولة

حاول أن تجيب بنفسك أولًا، ثم افتح «اعرض الإجابة» لترى الحل وسببه.

1. ١اختر الجملة الصحيحة.

   ماذا حدث؟

   You needn’t have cooked — we’ve already eaten.

   1. أThe person cooked, but it was unnecessary.
   2. بThe person did not cook because it was unnecessary.
   3. جThe person refused to cook.
   4. دThe person must cook now.
   اعرض الإجابة

   الإجابة: أ The person cooked, but it was unnecessary.

   needn’t have مع التصريف الثالث: فُعل لكنه غير ضروري.

2. ٢اختر الجملة الصحيحة.

   ماذا حدث؟

   I didn’t need to wear a suit, so I went in jeans.

   1. أHe did not wear a suit.
   2. بHe had to wear a suit.
   3. جHe wore jeans under the suit.
   4. دHe wore a suit anyway.
   اعرض الإجابة

   الإجابة: أ He did not wear a suit.

   didn’t need to هنا: غير لازم ولم يُفعل.

3. ٣اختر الجملة الصحيحة.

   1. أThe meeting supposed to start at nine, but the chair was late.
   2. بThe meeting was supposed to start at nine, but the chair was late.
   3. جThe meeting was suppose to starting at nine, but the chair was late.
   4. دThe meeting was supposed start at nine, but the chair was late.
   اعرض الإجابة

   الإجابة: ب The meeting was supposed to start at nine, but the chair was late.

   was supposed to مع المصدر: لم تُنفَّذ الخطة.

4. ٤أكمل الفراغ.

   You _____ have paid for my ticket — I had a voucher.

   1. أshouldn’t to
   2. بmustn’t
   3. جdidn’t need
   4. دneedn’t
   اعرض الإجابة

   الإجابة: د You needn’t have paid for my ticket — I had a voucher.

   فُعل دون ضرورة: needn’t have.

5. ٥حوّل الجملة.

   قل إن الجهد كان غير ضروري.

   I rushed to the station, but the train was late anyway.

   1. أI mustn’t have rushed to the station.
   2. بI needn’t rush to the station yesterday.
   3. جI needn’t have rushed to the station.
   4. دI didn’t need rush to the station.
   اعرض الإجابة

   الإجابة: ج I needn’t have rushed to the station.

   needn’t have مع التصريف الثالث.

6. ٦هذه الجملة خاطئة. اختر التصحيح.

   The keynote speaker was to open the conference, but she fell ill and didn’t.

   1. أThe keynote speaker is to have open the conference, but she fell ill.
   2. بThe keynote speaker was to have opened the conference, but she fell ill.
   3. جThe keynote speaker was to opened the conference, but she fell ill.
   4. دThe keynote speaker had to have opening the conference, but she fell ill.
   اعرض الإجابة

   الإجابة: ب The keynote speaker was to have opened the conference, but she fell ill.

   خطة رسمية لم تتحقق: was to have مع التصريف الثالث.

7. ٧اختر الجملة الصحيحة.

   1. أI was going to phone you, but I lost your number.
   2. بI was going phone you, but I lost your number.
   3. جI was going to phoned you, but I lost your number.
   4. دI going to phone you, but I lost your number.
   اعرض الإجابة

   الإجابة: أ I was going to phone you, but I lost your number.

   was going to مع المصدر: نية لم تتحقق.

8. ٨اختر الجملة الصحيحة.

   أي جملة تعني الشيء نفسه؟

   The repairs were meant to be finished by now.

   1. أThe repairs will never be finished.
   2. بSomeone meant to damage the building.
   3. جThe repairs should have been finished already.
   4. دThe repairs were finished early.
   اعرض الإجابة

   الإجابة: ج The repairs should have been finished already.

   be meant to بمعنى be supposed to: كان مقررًا.

9. ٩رتّب الكلمات لتكوين جملة صحيحة.

   We needn’t have worried about the weather

   اعرض الإجابة

   الإجابة: We needn’t have worried about the weather.

   تبيّن أن القلق كان غير ضروري.

10. ١٠أكمل الفراغ.

    He _____ supposed to be on a diet, but he ate three desserts.

    1. أis
    2. بdoes
    3. جmust
    4. دhas
    اعرض الإجابة

    الإجابة: أ He is supposed to be on a diet, but he ate three desserts.

    be supposed to تصف أيضًا ما يُتوقَّع من الشخص الآن.