القول بتحفّظ: appear وtend وseem وwould suggest

أمثلة

1. The figures appear to have been rounded up.

   يبدو أن الأرقام قُرّبت إلى الأعلى.

2. People tend to underestimate how long it takes.

   يميل الناس إلى الاستهانة بالمدة التي يستغرقها.

3. The evidence would suggest a link rather than a cause.

   تشير الأدلة إلى ارتباط لا إلى سبب.

4. It would appear that nobody read the second annexe.

   يبدو أن لا أحد قرأ الملحق الثاني.

أخطاء شائعة

• ✗خطأ: The data proves that the policy worked.

  ✓صحيح: The data suggests that the policy worked.

  في B2 تُدرَّج الدعوى بقدر دليلها، وprove نادرًا ما تصمد.

• ✗خطأ: It seems that to be a mistake.

  ✓صحيح: It seems to be a mistake.

  seem to وit seems that صيغتان منفصلتان فلا تُخلطا.

• ✗خطأ: They tend to be always late.

  ✓صحيح: They tend to be late.

  tend to تعني عادةً، فـ always تناقضها.

تمارين محلولة

حاول أن تجيب بنفسك أولًا، ثم افتح «اعرض الإجابة» لترى الحل وسببه.

1. ١اختر الجملة الصحيحة.

   1. أThe results are appearing to contradict the earlier study.
   2. بThe results appear to contradict the earlier study.
   3. جThe results appear contradicting the earlier study.
   4. دThe results appear that contradict the earlier study.
   اعرض الإجابة

   الإجابة: ب The results appear to contradict the earlier study.

   appear تأخذ to والمصدر.

2. ٢اختر الجملة الصحيحة.

   1. أIt would seem the fault to be in the software.
   2. بIt would seem that the fault is in the software.
   3. جIt seem that the fault is in the software.
   4. دIt would seeming that the fault is in the software.
   اعرض الإجابة

   الإجابة: ب It would seem that the fault is in the software.

   It would seem that تقدّم جملة.

3. ٣اختر الجملة الصحيحة.

   1. أCosts tend rising in the second year.
   2. بCosts tend to rise in the second year.
   3. جCosts are tending rise in the second year.
   4. دCosts tend to rising in the second year.
   اعرض الإجابة

   الإجابة: ب Costs tend to rise in the second year.

   tend to مع المصدر.

4. ٤أكمل الفراغ.

   The survey _____ that most tenants never complain.

   1. أindicates
   2. بindicate
   3. جindicating
   4. دis indicate
   اعرض الإجابة

   الإجابة: أ The survey indicates that most tenants never complain.

   الفاعل المفرد يأخذ صيغة الـ s.

5. ٥أكمل الفراغ.

   The delay _____ to have been avoidable.

   1. أappear
   2. بis appearing
   3. جappeared to be
   4. دappears
   اعرض الإجابة

   الإجابة: د The delay appears to have been avoidable.

   appears to have been تتحفّظ في حكم عن الماضي.

6. ٦أكمل الفراغ.

   _____ speaking, the two reports agree.

   1. أA broad
   2. بBroadly
   3. جBroad
   4. دBroadness
   اعرض الإجابة

   الإجابة: ب Broadly speaking, the two reports agree.

   Broadly speaking عبارة تحفّظ ثابتة.

7. ٧أكمل الفراغ.

   There is _____ evidence that the scheme reduced waiting times.

   1. أany
   2. بa
   3. جsome
   4. دthe few
   اعرض الإجابة

   الإجابة: ج There is some evidence that the scheme reduced waiting times.

   some evidence تدّعي أقلّ من evidence.

8. ٨أكمل الفراغ.

   The conclusion is _____ overstated.

   1. أarguing
   2. بarguably
   3. جargue
   4. دarguable
   اعرض الإجابة

   الإجابة: ب The conclusion is arguably overstated.

   arguably تشير إلى رأي يمكن الدفاع عنه.

9. ٩هذه الجملة خاطئة. اختر التصحيح.

   أي جملة خاطئة؟

   1. أThe study proves definitely that the treatment works.
   2. بThe findings are consistent with the treatment working.
   3. جThe study suggests that the treatment works.
   4. دThe study provides evidence that the treatment works.
   اعرض الإجابة

   الإجابة: أ The study proves definitely that the treatment works.

   دراسة واحدة نادرًا ما تحتمل تثبت قطعًا.

10. ١٠هذه الجملة خاطئة. اختر التصحيح.

    أي جملة خاطئة؟

    1. أNobody seems to have been told.
    2. بIt seems that nobody was told.
    3. جIt would appear that nobody was told.
    4. دIt seems to that nobody was told.
    اعرض الإجابة

    الإجابة: د It seems to that nobody was told.

    خُلطت الصيغتان.